scsvshengclass5b(20.5)

PHRASAL VERBS PART 1

GOOD MORNING BOYS!

Welcome to today's lesson!  

Let's start now:

We often hear people saying , ' TURN OFF THE LIGHTS',   ' TURN ON THE COMPUTER', 'TURN OVER THE PAGE',  'RUN OUT OF  RICE' , ' LOOK AFTER THE BABY BROTHER'  and so on . 
  If you observe the above phrases in bold, you will notice that  words like turn off,   turn on,   run out  of ,   turn over  and  look after ;  consist of a verb  and a small word like,  off, on, over, out of,  after .   These small words are prepositions .

   So, phrases like   turn off;  turn on;  run out of;  turn over; look after  are termed as PHRASAL VERBS.      Hence , a phrasal verb is a  phrase made up of a verb and a preposition or an adverb.   The  preposition or the adverb changes the meaning of the verb.


So my dear students, by the end of this unit, you will be able to :-

•  list the key characteristics of phrasal verbs
• focus on the meaning of phrasal verbs through a vocabulary and meaning- matching exercise.

So now, moving ahead, let us focus on the content and the image shared below:-

A phrasal verb is a combination of a verb and an adverb or a preposition, for example ‘look up’ or ‘look after’, which together have a particular meaning which is different from the verb alone.

The following phrasal verbs are featured in the above  image:-

• come in
• go out
• put on
• get in
• get out
• take out
• run away
• look for
• look after

SO LET'S REVISE AGAIN!

•  A phrasal verb is a verb that is combined with an adverb or preposition.
•  The combination creates a new meaning, often one that is not related to the definition of the base verb .

Now, we're going to look at phrasal verbs that include the preposition "up." 

"Up" often has one of the meanings described below. Not all

"Up" meaning to finish

One meaning of "up" is to finish or complete something.

 Common   phrasal verbs where "up" means finish are the following:

• Add up – to add a group of numbers together until you reach a final sum.
  
  
• Clean up – to clean a house (or another physical space, like an office or school) until it is extremely clean.
  
  
• Drink up – to drink until your glass is empty.
  
  
• Eat up – to eat until your plate is empty.
  
  
• Heat up – to warm something until it is hot.
  
  
• Grow up – to become an adult (literally, to grow until you finish growing).
  
  
• Pack up – to pack until everything is in boxes.
  
  
• Warm up – to sit in a warm space, such as by the fire or next to a radiator, until you are warm.
  
  
• Dry up – To become completely dry.
  
  
• Use up – To use all of something so that there is none left.
  
  
• Heal up – To heal completely and become healthy again.
  
  
• Finish up – To finish a task completely.
  
  

Examples:    please read them aloud!😊😊

1. After you add up those numbers, I need to talk to you.
2. It took me ages to clean up the house yesterday!
3. Drink up! We need to leave soon.
4. Eat up before your food gets cold!
5. I'm going to heat up some of that leftover pasta.
6. Sandra grew up in Jaipur.
7. When Jessica moved to the hospital, she had to pack up all her belongings.
8. In the winter, I love to warm up by the fire.

With these verbs, you can use the base verb without a big change in meaning. However, including "up" means that you do the activity until it is finished.

Hope the above was interesting!

Up" meaning to divide

Another meaning of "up" is to divide, or to split into smaller pieces. Common phrasal verbs where "up" means divide are the following:

• Blow up – to explode.
  
  
• Break up or split up – when you separate from your friend .
  
  
• Chew up – to chew something until it breaks into smaller pieces.
  
  
• Crack up – to laugh so hard it hurts. Almost like you feel you are going to break!
  
  
• Cut up – to cut something into pieces.
  
  
• Rip up or tear up – to rip something into pieces.

Examples:       Read aloud, please!  

1. When the students mixed the wrong chemicals together, the experiment blew up.
2. Sally felt sad after she broke up/split up with her friend.
3. My dog chewed up my new trainers, so now I need to buy another pair.
4. I cracked up after my brother told me a funny joke.
5. The teacher cut up some paper to play a game with her class.
6. I'm going to rip up/tear up these old papers, since I don't need them anymore.

"Up" meaning to make better or to get better

A third meaning of "up" is to improve something, or to make it better than it was before. Common verbs where "up" has this meaning are:

• Cheer up – to feel better or to make someone feel better.
  
  
• Brighten up – when the weather improves, or when your mood improves.
  
  
• Freshen up – to wash your face, brush your teeth and change your clothes, usually when you get back from work or school.
  
  
• Do up – to remodel something (to change the shape or structure of something), such as the house, or to get dressed in a fancy way.
  
  
• Make up – to put on lipstick, blush and other cosmetics. Make up is also common as a noun.
  
  
• Talk up – to describe something in a very positive way, exaggerating the good qualities.
  
  

Examples:

1. Susannah was in a bad mood, but she cheered up after spending time with her friends.
2. It rained all week, but on Saturday the weather finally brightened up.
3. My mom and dad like to freshen up after they get back from the office.
4. On Friday nights, my friends and I like to do ourselves up.
5. Have you finished making yourself up?
6. Jeff really talks up that restaurant. I hope it's as good as he says.

"Up" meaning to stop

The next meaning of "up" we're going to look at is to stop. Common examples where "up" has this meaning are:

• 
  
• Give up – to stop trying. Also, to quit something.
  
  
• Play up – to stop working. Usually used for technology.
  
  
• Own up – to stop keeping a secret and finally tell the truth.
  
  
• Hold up – to have to wait. Often used to speak about traffic.
  
  

Examples:  Read aloud!

1. Leaning the piano is very difficult, but I'm not going to give up.
2. My speakers have been playing up recently. I'm not sure what's wrong with them.
3. I knew Linda was keeping a secret. After I asked her about it a few times, she finally owned up.
4. We were held up in  the traffic for four hours on our way back from Gurgaon.

"Up" meaning to appear

Another meaning of "up" is to appear. Let's look at some examples.

• Bring up – to introduce a new topic in a conversation or discussion.
  
  
• Come up – when a topic presents itself in conversation, often unexpectedly.
  
  
• Look up – to look for information until it appears.
  
  
• Show up or turn up – to arrive or appear somewhere.
  
  

Examples:

1. The boss said that if the employees had questions, they could bring them up in the meeting.
2. I had a question about something, but the answer came up in class before I even got to ask.
3. Google is a great tool for looking up information.
4. What time are you going to show up/turn up at the party?

"Up" meaning 'the opposite of down'

Finally, there are many phrasal verbs where "up" has a more literally meaning. In these verbs, "up" means the opposite of down.

• Get up – to wake up and get out of bed.
  
  
• Hang up – to put down the phone. Although this verb seems illogical, it makes sense when you remember that in the past, phones looked different and the receiver actually was "up".
  
  
• Sit up – to sit straight and not slouch.
  
  
• Stand up – to stop sitting and stand on your feet.
  
  
• Turn up – to increase the volume of something.
  
  
  

Examples:

1. I usually get up at about 6 o'clock.
2. After I hung up the phone, I realized I had forgotten to say something.
3. Teachers often need to remind their students to sit up in their chairs.
4. When the subway is crowded, you often need to stand up.
5. Can you turn up the music? It's not loud enough.

TASK 1   :-    C.W     ( TYPE YOUR RESPONSE IN THE COMMENT SECTION)

A story to practice phrasal verbs with "up"

Identify the phrasal verbs in the given story.

Every day Luisa gets up at 7 o'clock. She sits up in bed, stands up and goes to take a shower. Sometimes she puts on a little make up before she goes to the kitchen to have breakfast. 

When she takes too long her parents remind her to "Eat up!" and "Drink up!" If she doesn't hurry up, she will miss the bus to school.

TASK 2 :-     C.W 

      
Quiz

Answer the following  questions .
(TYPE YOUR RESPONSE IN THE COMMENT SECTION BELOW  .) 

Part 1:

1. Which verb means "to search for information"?
1. turn up
2. break up
3. look up
4. give up
2. In which sentence does "up" mean "to appear"?
1. After the conversation, we hung up.
2. Henry brought up a new idea in the meeting.
3. When I sit up straight, I have more energy.
4. John showed up at the party around 10pm.
3. In which sentence does "up" mean 'to feel better'?
1. Nisha  cheered up after lunch.
2. I don't know where to look up the answer.
3. Adam's puppy chewed up his new shoes.
4. Patricia cut up the birthday cake into six equal pieces.

Part 2:

1. Don't ____________. You should keep trying!
1. heat up
2. give up
3. pack up
4. turn up
2. I accidentally ____________ some important papers.
1. brought up
2. hung up
3. ripped up
4. broke up
3. My computer has been ____________. I don't know what's wrong with it.
1. splitting up
2. owning up
3. holding up
4. playing up
4. Ted's family recently ____________ their house, and it looks great!
1. did up
2. brought up
3. gave up
4. got up
5. Vincent has really ____________ the movie. I hope it's as good as he says.




1. added up
2. drunk up
3. talked up
4. played up
6. Before we go out, I need to ____________.
1. sit up
2. freshen up
3. own up
4. come up

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Stay blessed!😊

Revision exercise on Object of a verb:
If we frame a question using the verb in a sentence and the word 'what or 'whom', the word that answers the question is the object of the verb.
Examples:
1.Yuvraj caught the ball.
    caught what?  - (the) ball.
Here , (the) ball is the object of a verb caught.

2. The teacher praised the child.
      praised whom?  -  (the) child.
  Here, (the) child is the object of the verb praised.

Exercise: Pick out the verbs in the following sentences and write its object:
1. The patient needs medicine
2. My parents love me.
3. He received a prize.
4. I met a little cottage girl.


That's all for today. The answers will be discussed in the next blog.